After their younger son was bitten by a rattlesnake and ended up in the pediatric intensive care unit, a San Diego couple received a huge bill. Listen to hear why antivenom is so expensive.

This spring, a San Diego toddler spent two days in a pediatric intensive care unit after a rattlesnake bit his hand in his familys backyard.

The bills that followed were staggering, with the lifesaving antivenom the 2-year-old needed accounting for more than two-thirds of the total cost $213,000.

Why is antivenom so expensive? One explanation is the markup hospitals add to balance overhead costs and make money. Another explanation is a lack of meaningful competition. There are only two rattlesnake antivenoms approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

Stacie Dusetzina, a professor of health policy at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, said it can be difficult to sort out drug pricing because a hospital bill is often an instrument insurers and hospitals use to negotiate prices. Patients such as the Pfeffers often get stuck in the middle.

When you see the word charges, thats a made-up number. That isnt connected at all, usually, to what the actual drug cost, Dusetzina said.

Read more here. Listen: A Tussle With a Rattlesnake Can Take a Bite Out of Your Wallet

Listen to KFF Health News’ Jackie Fortir recount how a backyard snakebite led to a harrowing hospitalization and big bills for a San Diego family. Read More

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